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Social Capital and Economic Regeneration in Northeast China Editor:BU Changli

CONTENTS:
Editor:BU Changli
Contents
Chapter 1¡¡Question and Theoretical Review ...............................£¯1 ¡¡¡¡1¡¡Question£ºHow to Rejuvenate Northeast China .......................£¯1 ¡¡¡¡2¡¡Origin of Thoughts of Social Capital of Enterprises ...............£¯4 ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡2.1¡¡Karl Marx and Max Weber .....................................£¯4 ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡2.2¡¡Network Organization Theory .................................£¯11 ¡¡¡¡3¡¡Development and Prosperity of Thought of ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Social Capital of Enterprise .....................................£¯29 ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡3.1¡¡Western Literature Review ...................................£¯29 ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡3.2¡¡Local Chinese Literature Review .............................£¯45 ¡¡¡¡4¡¡Comments and Reflections on Prior Literature ......................£¯56 Chapter 2¡¡Development of Social Capital Theory and Research Framework ...£¯59 ¡¡¡¡1¡¡New Progress on the Research Field of Social Capital ..............£¯59 ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡1.1¡¡Embedded Theory and Field Theory ............................£¯59 ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡1.2¡¡Multi-level Research on Social Capital ......................£¯72 ¡¡¡¡2¡¡Multi-level Hypothesis for the Concept of Social Capital ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of Enterprise ....................................................£¯80 ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡2.1¡¡Concept and Content of Social Capital of Enterprise .........£¯80 ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡2.2¡¡Internal Multi-level Hypothesis of Social Capital of ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Entrepreneur ...............................................£¯84 ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡2.3¡¡External Multi-level Hypothesis of Social Capital ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of Enterprise ..............................................£¯89 ¡¡¡¡3¡¡Research Objectives£¬Framework and Methodology in This Book .......£¯101 ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡3.1¡¡142 Industrial Enterprises in the Northeast .................£¯101 ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡3.2¡¡Framework ...................................................£¯102 ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡3.3¡¡Methodology .................................................£¯104 Chapter 3¡¡Lack and Reconstruction of Social Capital in SOEs Reforms ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡in Northeast .................................................£¯111 ¡¡¡¡1¡¡Question£ºHow to Rejuvenate on SOEs in Northeast? .................£¯111 ¡¡¡¡2¡¡Historic Existence of SOEs Northeast ..............................£¯112 ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡2.1¡¡Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China ......................£¯113 ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡2.2¡¡Colony and the War of Liberation ............................£¯115 ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡2.3¡¡Economic Recovery and Planning Economy Stage ................£¯118 ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡2.4¡¡Transformation Stage of SOEs ................................£¯126 ¡¡¡¡3¡¡Hypotheses and Research Objectives in This Chapter ................£¯140 ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡3.1¡¡Hypothesis of Lack of Social Capital ........................£¯140 ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡3.2¡¡Research Objectives .........................................£¯145 ¡¡¡¡4¡¡Study on Experience of Entrepreneurs in Northeast of ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Social Capital of SOEs ...........................................£¯148 ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡4.1¡¡Vertical Social Capital .....................................£¯148 ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡4.2¡¡Horizontal Social Capital ...................................£¯152 ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡4.3¡¡Governmental Social Capital .................................£¯156 ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡4.4¡¡Accumulation and Reconstruction of Social Capital ...........£¯162 ¡¡¡¡5¡¡Study on Experience of the Composition of Social Capital ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of SOEs in Northeast .............................................£¯167 ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡5.1¡¡Vertical Social Capital .....................................£¯167 ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡5.2¡¡Horizontal Social Capital ...................................£¯175 ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡5.3¡¡Governmental Social Capital .................................£¯179 ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡5.4¡¡External Social Capital .....................................£¯185 ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡5.5¡¡Accumulation and Reconstruction of Social Capital ...........£¯192 Chapter 4¡¡Creation and Conversion of Social Capital during ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Private Enterprises in Northeast Growing up ..................£¯200 ¡¡¡¡1¡¡Question£ºWhy Private Enterprises in Tonghua are ¡°Early Birds¡± ..£¯200 ¡¡¡¡2¡¡Research Objectives and Method ....................................£¯201 ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡2.1¡¡Why Choose Tonghua District .................................£¯201 ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡2.2¡¡Instruction of Tonghua ......................................£¯203 ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡2.3¡¡48 Private Enterprises in Tonghua ...........................£¯204 ¡¡¡¡3¡¡Literature Reviews on Private Enterprises and Hypotheses ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡on This Project ..................................................£¯206 ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡3.1¡¡How Private Entrepreneurs Come into Being and Hypothesis ....£¯207 ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡3.2¡¡How Private Enterprises Come into Being and Hypothesis .....£¯213 ¡¡¡¡4¡¡Social Capital Achieving and Transformational Generating of ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Private Entrepreneurs in Tonghua .................................£¯216 ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡4.1¡¡Micro-level Social Capital ..................................£¯217 ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡4.2¡¡Median-level Social Capital .................................£¯225 ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡4.3¡¡Macro-level Social Capital ..................................£¯248 ¡¡¡¡5¡¡Study on Reasons for Rapid Growth of Private Enterprises ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡in Tonghua from the Viewing Angle of Social Capital .............£¯263 ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡5.1¡¡Vertical Social Capital .....................................£¯264 ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡5.2¡¡Horizontal Social Capital ...................................£¯275 ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡5.3¡¡Governmental Social Capital .................................£¯281 ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡5.4¡¡External Social Capital .....................................£¯289 ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡5.5¡¡Successful Experiences and Challenges .......................£¯295 Chapter 5¡¡Comparison of Social Capital between SOEs and ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Private Enterprises in Northeast .............................£¯303 ¡¡¡¡1¡¡Research Objective: 142 SOEs and Private Enterprises in Northeast .£¯304 ¡¡¡¡2¡¡Comparison on Entrepreneurs¡¯ Social Capital between SOEs ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and Private Enterprise ...........................................£¯306 ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡2.1¡¡Variability of Micro-level Social Capital ...................£¯306 ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡2.2¡¡Degree of Modernization of Median Level Social Capital ......£¯311 ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡2.3¡¡Characteristics of Macro-level Social Capital ...............£¯314 ¡¡¡¡3¡¡Comparison on Enterprises¡¯ Social Capital of SOEs and ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Private Enterprises ..............................................£¯320 ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡3.1¡¡Comparison on Vertical Social Capital .......................£¯320 ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡3.2¡¡Comparison on Horizontal Social Capital .....................£¯324 ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡3.3¡¡Comparison on Governmental Social Capital ...................£¯328 ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡3.4¡¡Comparison on External Social Capital .......................£¯332 ¡¡¡¡4¡¡Accumulation and Cultivation of Social Capital in SOEs and ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Private Enterprises in Northeast .................................£¯335 ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡4.1¡¡Optimize Environment and Cultivate Social Capital ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of Entrepreneurs ...........................................£¯335 ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡4.2¡¡Adjust Enterprises¡¯ Boundary and Cultivate Network ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of Regional Cluster ........................................£¯337 ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡4.3¡¡Cultivate Governmental Social Capital .......................£¯339 ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡4.4¡¡Extend Enterprises¡¯ Boundary and Cultivate ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡External Social Capital ....................................£¯340 Chapter 6¡¡Case Study on How to Utilize Social Capital to ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Develop Enterprises ..........................................£¯343 ¡¡¡¡1¡¡SOEs under Reform on the Difficult Way ............................£¯344 ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Case 1:¡¡A Bankrupted SOE with 52 Years Old because of ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Exhaustion of Resources ................................£¯344 ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Case 2:¡¡A Mining SOE with 60 Years Old under Continuous ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Development ............................................£¯354 ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Case 3:¡¡An Old Steel SOE with Glorious History ..................£¯361 ¡¡¡¡2¡¡Private Enterprises Emerging as a Result of Spontaneously ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Setting up the Business by Individual ............................£¯368 ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Case 4:¡¡An Enterprise from 7 Thousand to 1.2 Billion ............£¯369 ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Case 5:¡¡An Enterprise from Loan to 6 Hundred Million ............£¯372 ¡¡¡¡3¡¡Private Enterprises Grown up with SOEs Reform .....................£¯380 ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Case 6:¡¡A Small Local SOE with ¡°Two Reservation¡± ..............£¯381 ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Case 7:¡¡An Enterprise with 40 Years History in the Process ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of Bankrupt and Reconstruction .........................£¯385 ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Case 8:¡¡An Enterprise that ¡°Steal¡± Official to Enterprise ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and then Succeed .......................................£¯390 ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Case 9:¡¡A High Technological Enterprise from Loan 20 Thousand ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡to 2.9 Billion .........................................£¯395 ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Case 10:¡¡A medical Enterprise in Top 10 from Defective ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Enterprise to 2 Billion ................................£¯400 Appendix 1¡¡Measures of Once-and-for-all Settlement for the Workers ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of the State-owned Enterprises of Bankruptcy in Tonghua ....£¯407 Appendix 2¡¡The Survey Questionnaire on Industrial Enterprises¡¯ Social ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Capital in the Old Industrial Bases in Northeast China .....£¯409 Appendix 3¡¡Interviewer List in Northeast ................................£¯426 References ...............................................................£¯428 Postscript ...............................................................£¯441 Acknowledgments ..........................................................£¯444
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